Deep Green Underwater Kite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dark Green Underwater Kite - Essay Example The utilization of sustainable power sources is one of the means taken to decrease the negative effect on condition by lessening the possibilities of contamination and its degree. There are different purposes behind the fast headways in the mechanical world. The significant explanation behind creation these fast progressions conceivable and accessible to the individuals is the expanding populace and its interest. The mind-boggling increment in the populace prompts requests which are difficult to be met utilizing the old advancements. Better approaches for creation and assembling are being used to satisfy the needs of the developing populace. Constrained vitality gracefully is one reason we need most recent innovations. Dark Green Underwater Kite is of the advances which have as of late been propelled and are of incredible assistance to fulfill the vitality needs of individuals without taking a chance with the earth and normal life. The development of Deep Green submerged Kite is rela ted with a Swedish organization Minesto. This special toy-like gadget jumps and makes a plunge the sea water. This toy-like gadget works with more force and creates as much as multiple times more vitality in the water flows than it might produce in the sky. The purpose behind such force age process lays in the way that seawater multiple times denser than the air. The turbine that is connected to the kite, subsequently, accomplishes to produce more vitality than it can noticeable all around. Minesto names this gadget as Deep Green and claims that it is equipped for producing roughly 500 kilowatts of intensity likewise in the smooth and quiet ocean. This new innovation should help up the business for flowing force by as much as 80% (Harrell 2010). The Deep green submerged Kite is a basically structured 7 ton kite turbine which gets and recovers power taken from the sea simply like a kite works noticeable all around. The kite-like turbine is planned for creating around 18 terawatt long periods of intensity consistently. This measure of vitality is sufficient to satisfy the vitality needs of pretty much 4,000,000 UK houses. This innovation is progressively refreshing for its adequately green procedure and arrangement of green power. The Swedish military and airplane structuring organization Saab was initially targeting delivering a breeze turbine yet the idea changed with utilizing seawater as it is increasingly amazing and profitable for the idea of producing vitality. The kite turns to heighten the speed in the sea ten times. The most significant and valuable factor to consider here is the cost-viability of the gadget. The measure of vitality it creates contrasted with the sum spent on every Kilowatt unit it produces gives a thought of its minimal effort method. It costs as low as $0.09 pennies to $0.20 pennies per KWh. Utilizing this innovation in today’s monetarily powerless society may help the excessively populated social orders in accessing the reque sted amounts of vitality. This savvy gadget is valuable so as to fulfill the needs and fulfilling the vitality prerequisites keeping an earth sound arrangement of producing vitality. These kites are, consequently, financially savvy as far as configuration, structure and use. Once introduced, they require lesser interest in upkeep of these gadgets (Kraemer 2009). The Deep Green Underwater Kite is a development which is similarly useful for the individuals who use it and for the individuals who don't. The

Lending a Helping Hand Essay Example For Students

Loaning a Helping Hand Essay I discovered her! I discovered her! my heart hustling, palms perspiring. I never met this lady, yet I realized she was the one for whom I was looking. Looking stressed, she paced side to side covering her mouth. My underlying response was to get to her and quick. Decisively I rushed as far as possible of the stage, down the steps, through the passage and past the stifling smell of pee. Shes escaping, I surged; winded I said â€Å"Excuse me, Miss? † â€Å"Can I converse with you for one second? † At this point, an inquiry at the top of the priority list might be the reason I was pursuing a lady I had never met. It might appear to be a claim already in the works, yet I had a hunch that I expected to converse with her paying little mind to what it took. She took a gander at me, and without letting her state a word I stated, â€Å"You are a stunning lady, God considers you to be his fortune, and dont you ever overlook that. † She started crying, I proceeded, â€Å"I am on a strategic with my congregation. We have been looking for individuals who we have been directed to us by God to promise them that there are individuals who despite everything care. † At this point she was madly crying while my accomplice remained next to me; she embraced us and stated, â€Å"You two spared me I was en route to accomplish something idiotic. You helped me see the light and halted my arrangements to murder myself. † My heart sunk somewhere inside my chest. At thirteen, I didn't comprehend the intensity of words until she expressed. I didn't comprehend that truism a couple of words to somebody could prevent them from ending their own life. At that exact second she transformed me. While helping her, she unwittingly helped me. It was nearly just as I was her blessed messenger and she was mine. She is the motivation behind why I have so much enthusiasm and assurance to help those out of luck. After four years, while chipping in at a Senior Center, I understood I was close to a similar train station where I had this experience. Strolling through the station, I understood that she will in every case live in my heart. This lady helped me comprehend that we as a whole have issues, some greater than others. Presently my point of view is to help individuals deprived as opposed to being stuck on my own battles. From that day on, I made a guarantee to myself to consistently help other people, paying little mind to who the individual is or what issues they are confronting. I have perceived how lives can be changed on account of one individual. My family and I are living instances of simply that. Through political refuge we had the option to show up to this nation with the help and the assurance of the United States. My definitive objective is to be a piece of the U. S. Movement Department, giving political havens to families who are shouting out for help and to be one who changes the lives of others for better. I need to be the little level of understudies who are effective, something that isn't generally known about in Elizabeth. This is just the start of my excursion and I won't stop now.

Enigmatic Quirigua :: essays research papers

One of the last marsh Mayan urban areas to crumple, existing admirably into the ninth century, Quirigua, lies today in the still grasses of the Motagua Basin. This 1,200 years of age Mayan city is the focal point of the article. The vestiges of Quirigua are found in the midst of a banana estate set up when the new century rolled over by the United Fruit Company. A portion of the administrators of the United Fruit Co. were keen on paleontology and chose to shield the focal square from being furrowed over. The encompassing littler structures are presently part of the banana estate. Nine solid sandstone landmarks, called stelae, with dated writings of symbolic representations, characterizing the beginnings and the finish of the Classic Period of Maya Civilization, from around 300 to 900 AD, is the thing that makes Quirigua an appreciation for archeologists. The stelae remain the chief composed annals of this lost human progress, just as the way in to their profoundly progressed calendric framework. Other Mayan habitats raised stelae a lot before and in more noteworthy bounty, yet the stelae at Quirigua are superb in their style and strategy. Like most Mayan landmarks, they were raised to honor the progression of time, noteworthy memorable occasions, and furthermore filled in as â€Å"billboards promoting the kings‘ standings with the Maya godsâ€Å" (as the writer of the article brings up). During its concise time of raising stelae, from the mid eighth century until 810 AD, Quirigua was one of just two urban communities to normally erect landmarks denoti ng the finish of five-year terms (the quarter-katun, or hotun). The immensely substantial material required for the development of the stelae must be shipped from enormous separations and there is no proof to show the use of wheels or creatures. These colossal solid models, weighing as much as 65 tons, were shrewdly cut without the advantage of metal devices. Stone etches, driven by different stones or wooden hammers, were the main instruments accessible; but then the Mayan artists accomplished such a significant level of creativity; the carvings, obviously, were done before the stones were lifted up to their vertical positions. This fine assortment of enormous stone figures is masterminded in a customary example on the fundamental court at Quirigua, the Great Plaza. The city is accepted to have filled in as a significant route station among Copan and Tikal. The best head of Quirigua, during whose rule seven of the nine stelae were raised, was Cauac Sky (or Kawak Sky) originator of the Sky Dynasty, who administered the city for a long time. Perplexing Quirigua :: expositions explore papers One of the last swamp Mayan urban communities to fall, existing great into the ninth century, Quirigua, lies today in the still grasses of the Motagua Basin. This 1,200 years of age Mayan city is the focal point of the article. The vestiges of Quirigua are found in the midst of a banana estate set up when the new century rolled over by the United Fruit Company. A portion of the administrators of the United Fruit Co. were keen on prehistoric studies and chose to shield the focal court from being furrowed over. The encompassing littler structures are presently part of the banana ranch. Nine solid sandstone landmarks, called stelae, with dated writings of symbolic representations, characterizing the beginnings and the finish of the Classic Period of Maya Civilization, from around 300 to 900 AD, is the thing that makes Quirigua an appreciation for archeologists. The stelae remain the chief composed narratives of this lost progress, just as the way in to their exceptionally progressed calendric framework. Other Mayan communities raised stelae a lot before and in more noteworthy bounty, yet the stelae at Quirigua are superb in their style and strategy. Like most Mayan landmarks, they were raised to recognize the progression of time, critical noteworthy occasions, and furthermore filled in as â€Å"billboards promoting the kings‘ standings with the Maya godsâ€Å" (as the writer of the article calls attention to). During its concise time of raising stelae, from the mid eighth century until 810 AD, Quirigua was one of just two urban communities to consistently er ect landmarks denoting the finish of five-year terms (the quarter-katun, or hotun). The hugely substantial material required for the development of the stelae must be shipped from enormous separations and there is no proof to show the use of wheels or creatures. These tremendous solid models, weighing as much as 65 tons, were slyly cut without the advantage of metal instruments. Stone etches, driven by different stones or wooden hammers, were the main instruments accessible; but the Mayan artists accomplished such a significant level of creativity; the carvings, evidently, were done before the stones were lifted up to their vertical positions. This fine assortment of massive stone models is organized in a standard example on the principle square at Quirigua, the Great Plaza. The city is accepted to have filled in as a significant path station among Copan and Tikal. The best chief of Quirigua, during whose rule seven of the nine stelae were raised, was Cauac Sky (or Kawak Sky) organizer of the Sky Dynasty, who controlled the city for a long time.

Foundation’s Edge CHAPTER NINETEEN DECISION

Choice Janov Pelorat stated, with a little hint of peevishness in his voice, â€Å"Really, Golan, nobody appears to think about the way this is the first run through in a tolerably long life †not very long, I guarantee you, Bliss †in which I have been going through the Galaxy. However each opportunity I go to a world, I am off it again and back in space before I can truly get an opportunity to consider it. It has happened twice now.† â€Å"Yes,† said Bliss, â€Å"but on the off chance that you had not left the other one so rapidly, you would not have met me until who knows when. Without a doubt that legitimizes the first time.† â€Å"It does. Truly, my †my dear, it does.† â€Å"And this time, Pel, you might be off the planet, yet you have me †and I am Gaia, as much as any molecule of it, as much as all of it.† â€Å"You are, and definitely I need no other molecule of it.† Trevize, who had been tuning in to the trade with a glare, stated, â€Å"This is sickening. For what reason didn't Dom accompany us? †Space, I'll never become acclimated to this monosyllabization. 200 fifty syllables to a name and we utilize only one of them. †Why didn't he come, together with each of the 200 fifty syllables? In the event that this is so significant †if the very presence of Gaia relies upon it †for what reason didn't he accompany us to coordinate us?† â€Å"I am here, Trev,† said Bliss, â€Å"and I am as much Gaia as he is.† Then, with a brisk sideways and upward look from her dull eyes, â€Å"Does it disturb you, at that point, to have me call you ‘Trev'?† â€Å"Yes, it does. I have as much right to my ways as you to yours. My name is Trevize. Two syllables. Tre-vize.† â€Å"Gladly. I don't wish to outrage you, Trevize.† â€Å"I am not irate. I am annoyed.† He rose out of nowhere, strolled from one finish of the space to the next, venturing over the outstretched legs of Pelorat (who attracted them rapidly), and afterward back once more. He halted, turned, and confronted Bliss. He pointed a finger at her. â€Å"Look! I am not my own lord! I have been moved from Terminus to Gaia †and in any event, when I started to presume this was along these lines, there appeared to be no real way to break the grasp. And afterward, when I get to Gaia, I am informed that the entire reason for my appearance was to spare Gaia. Why? How? What is Gaia to me †or I to Gaia †that I should spare it? Is there no other of the quintillion individuals in the Galaxy who could do the job?† â€Å"Please, Trevize,† said Bliss †and there was an abrupt unhappy air about her, the entirety of the gamine gesture vanishing. â€Å"Do not be furious. I utilize your name appropriately and I will be intense. Dom requested that you be patient.† â€Å"By each planet in the Galaxy, tenable or not, I would prefer not to show restraint. On the off chance that I am so significant, do I not merit a clarification? In the first place, I ask again for what valid reason Dom didn't accompany us? Is it not adequately significant for him to be here on the Far Star with us?† â€Å"He is here, Trevize,† said Bliss. â€Å"While I am here, he is here, and everybody on Gaia is here, and each living thing, and each bit of the planet.† â€Å"You are fulfilled that that is along these lines, however it's not my perspective. I'm not a Gaian. We can't press the entire planet on to my boat, we can just crush one individual on to it. We have you, and Dom is a piece of you. Great. For what reason wouldn't we be able to have taken Dom, and let you be a piece of him?† â€Å"For one thing,† said Bliss, â€Å"Pel †I mean, Pel-o-rodent †asked that I be on the boat with you. I, not Dom.† â€Å"He was being brave. Who might take that seriously?† â€Å"Oh, presently, my dear fellow,† said Pelorat, ascending to his feet with his face blushing, â€Å"I was very genuine. I would prefer not to be excused that way. I acknowledge the way that it doesn't make a difference which segment of the Gaian entire is ready, and it is progressively wonderful for me to have Bliss here than Dom, and it ought to be for you too. Come, Golan, you are carrying on childishly.† â€Å"Am I? Am I?† said Trevize, grimacing hazily. â€Å"All right, at that point, I am. Simply the same,† again he pointed at Bliss, â€Å"whatever it is I am required to do, I guarantee you that I won't do it in the event that I am not treated like a person. Two inquiries in the first place. What am I expected to do? Furthermore, why me?† Joy was wide-peered toward and stepping back. She stated, â€Å"Please, I can't disclose to you that now. All of Gaia can't let you know. You should go to the spot without realizing anything in the first place. You should learn everything there. You should then do what you should do †however you should do it serenely and apathetically. On the off chance that you stay as you seem to be, nothing will be useful and, somehow, Gaia will reach a conclusion. You should change this sentiment of yours and I don't have the foggiest idea how to change it.† â€Å"Would Dom know whether he were here?† said Trevize callously. â€Å"Dom is here,† said Bliss. â€Å"He/I/we don't have a clue how to transform you or quiet you. We don't comprehend an individual who can't detect his place in the plan of things, who doesn't feel like piece of a more noteworthy whole.† Trevize stated, â€Å"That isn't so. You could hold onto my boat a good ways off of a million kilometers and more †and keep us quiet while we were vulnerable. Indeed, quiet me now. Try not to imagine you are not equipped for doing it.† â€Å"But we mustn't. Not at the present time. On the off chance that we transformed you or balanced you in any capacity now, at that point you would be not any more significant to us than some other individual in the Galaxy and we were unable to utilize you. We can just utilize you since you will be you †and you should remain you. On the off chance that we contact you as of now in any capacity, we are lost. If it's not too much trouble You should be quiet of your own accord.† â€Å"Not a possibility, miss, except if you disclose to me some of what I need to know.† Pelorat stated, â€Å"Bliss, let me attempt. If it's not too much trouble go into the other room.† Happiness left, backing gradually out. Pelorat shut the entryway behind her. Trevize stated, â€Å"She can hear and see †sense everything. What improvement does this make?† Pelorat stated, â€Å"It has any kind of effect to me. I need to be distant from everyone else with you, regardless of whether segregation is a deception. †Golan, you're afraid.† â€Å"Don't be a fool.† â€Å"Of course you are. You don't have a clue where you're going, what you'll be confronting, what you'll be relied upon to do. You reserve a privilege to be afraid.† â€Å"But I'm not.† â€Å"Yes, you are. Maybe you're not terrified of physical threat in the manner that I am. I've been anxious about wandering out into space, terrified of each new world I see, scared of each new thing I experience. All things considered, I've lived 50 years of a tightened, pulled back and restricted life, while you have been in the Navy and in legislative issues, in the thick and hurly-brawny at home and in space. However I've made an effort not to be apprehensive and you've helped me. In this time we've been as one, you've shown restraint toward me, you've been thoughtful to me and comprehension, and as a result of you, I've figured out how to ace my feelings of dread and act well. Let me, at that point, give back in kind and help you.† â€Å"I'm not apprehensive, I tell you.† â€Å"Of course you are. In the case of nothing else, you're apprehensive about the obligation you'll be confronting. Evidently there's an entire world relying upon you †and you will along these lines need to live with the devastation of an entire world in the event that you fall flat. For what reason would it be a good idea for you to need to confront that opportunities for a world that makes no difference to you? ‘What right have they to put this heap upon you? You're not just terrified of disappointment, as any individual would be in your place, however you're angry that they should place you in the position where you must be afraid.† â€Å"You're all wrong.† â€Å"I don't think so. Therefore let me have your spot. I'll do it. Whatever it is they anticipate that you should do, I volunteer as substitute. I accept that it's not something that requires extraordinary physical quality or imperativeness, since a basic mechanical gadget would exceed you in that regard. I accept that it's not something that requires mentalics, for they have enough of that themselves. It's something that †well, I don't have a clue, however on the off chance that it requires neither muscle nor mind, at that point I have everything else just as you †and I am prepared to take the responsibility.† Trevize said strongly, â€Å"Why are you so ready to hold up under the load?† Pelorat looked down at the floor, just as dreading to meet different's eyes. He stated, â€Å"I have had a spouse, Golan. I have known ladies. However they have never been critical to me. Intriguing. Lovely. Never significant. However, this one†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Who? Bliss?† â€Å"She's extraordinary, some way or another †to me.† â€Å"By Terminus, Janov, she realizes each word you're saying.† â€Å"That has no effect. She knows in any case. †I need to satisfy her. I will embrace this undertaking, whatever it is; run any hazard, assume any liability, on the littlest possibility that it will make her †have a favorable opinion of me.† â€Å"Janov, she's a child.† â€Å"She's not a youngster †and what you think about her has no effect to me.† â€Å"Don't you comprehend what you should appear to her?† â€Å"An elderly person? What's the distinction? She's a piece of a more prominent entire and I am not †and that by itself constructs an insuperable divider between us. Wouldn't you say I realize that? Be that as it may, I don't solicit anything from her yet that she†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Think well of you?† â€Å"Yes. Or on the other hand whatever else she can cause herself to feel for me.† â€Å"And for that you will carry out my responsibility? †But Janov, haven't you been tuning in. They don't need you; they need me for some space-ridden reason I can't understand.† â€Å"If they can't have you and on the off chance that they should have somebody, I will be better than nothin

Oral Language and Reading Comprehension Essay Example for Free

Oral Language and Reading Comprehension Essay This paper is deliberately made to show the correlation between oral language and understanding perception. Oral language and perusing understanding are both basic to each person. We all had experienced oral language when we are as yet youthful and as it creates and as we develop and develop, it empowers us to be increasingly proficient and sets us up to a progressively required cognizance in perusing. This two are critical and are interrelated to one another. As a parent, conversing with the kid helps extends jargon, create foundation information, and move an oddity about the world. The more a kid connects with into specific encounters and all the more discovering that begins from guardians and afterward to instructors, it will enlarge their psyches and grants them into an increasingly expansive comprehension of various things. Oral language is the very discovering that every one of us has experienced we despite everything have it up to now. This paper will widen your insight concerning the correlation between oral language and understanding appreciation. Foundation of the Study: Oral language implies speaking with others. Then again, perusing appreciation is the demonstration of understanding what you are perusing. The definition can be essentially expressed the demonstration isn't easy to educate, learn or practice. Perusing understanding is a deliberate, dynamic, intelligent procedure that happens previously, during and after an individual peruses a specific bit of composing. Oral language and perusing appreciation are both fundamental in light of the fact that in oral language we are prepared on the best way to discuss well with others. Understanding perception, then again, is likewise a method for understanding the book that we read; it could be only a basic magazine, paper, or even the books we utilized in school. An individual must have the option to comprehend what the person in question is perusing. It is important that we realize how to talk or impart yet one thing that is exceptionally helpful also in our regular daily existences is the capacity to peruse and comprehend what we read. There is a finished contrast among â€Å"reading† and â€Å"reading with comprehension†. Presently, as you proceed to peruse this paper, you will be taken care of with more thoughts with the correlation between communicated in language and understanding perception and how these two work together for an increasingly familiar act of correspondence. It will build up your correspondence and understanding abilities; that it isn't sufficient to realize how to talk and read however having the option to talk and simultaneously acknowledge what you are perusing and even apply these, all things considered, circumstances. Related Study: Oral language A lot of research has been done in the field of oral language procurement. As a methods for endeavoring to arrange their condition kids effectively build language (Dyson, 1983; Halliday, 1994; Sulzby,1985). From a childs most punctual involvement in close to home account advancement, oral language obtaining must be constantly encouraged. (IRA and NAEYC, 1998). This turns into the structure hinder for setting up achievement in every aspect of education. Oral language starts to create at an exceptionally youthful age as kids and guardians associate with each other in the characteristic environmental factors of the home condition (Teale, 1978; Yaden, 1988). A childs home condition incredibly impacts the rate, quality and capacity to speak with others (MacLean, Bryant and Bradley, 1987; Martinez, 1983; National Research Council 1999). Variables identified with language development in the home condition incorporate parent connection, books, being perused to, displaying; home language and education schedules all intently equal those of the homeroom and school. The advancement of oral language is a progressing regular learning process. Kids watch oral correspondence in numerous settings †home, preschool, prekindergarten, and start to create ideas about its motivations (Dyson, 1983; Halliday,1994;Martinez, 1983). Target aptitude zones, for example, sequencing, order, and letter sounds oral language abilities are for the most part segments of youth instructive projects (Kelley and Zamar, 1994). Which means is a social and social wonder and all development of significance is a social procedure. Formative phases of youngster language improvement: Phase I †Protolinguistic or â€Å"Protolanguage†, Phase II †Transition, Phase III †Language. The Protolanguage Stage (which is related with the slithering stage) incorporates commotions and sound, physical development, grown-up/newborn child communication †this trade of consideration is the start of language. During the Transition Stage (which is related with the formative phase of strolling) there is a change from youngster tongue to first language. During this stage the â€Å"pragmatic† mode creates; an interest for merchandise and enterprises that looks for a reaction as an activity. In Phase III †Language Stage, the kid moves from discussing imparted understanding to sharing data to a third individual. The kid understands that the truth is past their own understanding; they welcome affirmation, appreciate shared understanding. From the ontogenesis of discussion we can pick up knowledge into human learning and human comprehension. Which means is made at the crossing point of two inconsistencies †the experiential one, between the material and the cognizant methods of experience, and the relational one, between various individual chronicles of the collaborating participating (Halliday,1994). Appropriately created oral language empowers a kid to viably convey their musings and perspectives with others. It is additionally significant for small kids to have created listening abilities as they experience the intensity of correspondence. The earth impacts ones want to impart just as the recurrence of correspondence. Oral language creates through valid encounters (Harste, Burke and Woodward, 1994). Kindergarten homeroom situations that are buzzing with social connection are perfect conditions for sustaining talking and listening abilities. As youngsters take an interest in open occasions, they gradually obtain a comprehension of the pertinence of these structures. Understudies should be given and urged to take an interest in natural education exercises, as those encounters are essential to language improvement (Brown and Briggs, 1987). Advancement of oral language abilities must be tended to in Kindergarten as an indispensable piece of the day by day educational program with the end goal for understudies to have the option to prevail all through tutoring and in todays society (Goodman, 1992; IRI and NAEYC,1998). Kindergarten programs should be organized however not formal. Study halls that are painstakingly organized take into consideration most extreme oral language obtaining through valid education exercises that occur in characteristic manners during a school day (Ellermeyer, 1988). Instruction is request based, and as such the concentration with training becomes learning, and the undertaking of educating turns into the request procedure. The student is focal, during the time spent the learning-request cycle (Harste, Burke and Woodward,1994). Understudies should be given and urged to take an interest in ecological education exercises, as these encounters are imperative to language improvement. Dyson (1983) directed an investigation of the job early language plays in early composition. Through perceptions of youngsters at a Kindergarten composing focus she reasoned that oral language is a necessary piece of the early creative cycle. Talk gave both significance and to certain youngsters the orderly methods for getting that importance on paper. The kid as a language student advances along a formative continuum. Language procurement is in a general sense a social procedure wherein language is utilized to make and offer importance of experience (Corter and Park, 1993). Kids expect chances to interface with the two companions and grown-ups in a wide assortment of settings as they learning and practice language and proficiency information, abilities, and procedures (Brown and Briggs 1987; Coohn, 1981; Dyson, 1983; Ellermeyer, 1988). Youngsters like to discuss themselves, their companions, their families, their pets, their leisure activities, and so on. Drawing in small kids in discussion about things with which they are recognizable bears them a solace level to explore different avenues regarding approaches to communicate. Chances to expand oral language capacities and applications are implanted inside the education program. Discussion, joint effort, and learning through others are fundamental to learning. A childs oral language capacity is the reason for starting education guidance, and as such beginning casual evaluations just as continuous appraisal during the school year would give key data with respect to a childs oral language capacities.

Introduction to the Nokia Mobile Phone - Free Essay Example

It all began for Nokia when Fredrik Idestam built a paper mill back in 1865. He built another factory near Nokianvirta River, Finland, the place whose first five words gave the company its name Nokia. Between the years of 1865 and 1967 Nokia was recognized as a vital industrial machine; though further expansion needed a merger with a cable company and another merger with a rubber firm to set up the Nokia Corporation. This was the beginning of the move to electronics production by the company. The mobile phone era for Nokia began in 1981 when the first ever international mobile phone network was built called the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT). Organizational Structure at Nokia As of October 1, 2009 the organizational structure at Nokia was extremely mobile and flexible. Nokias organizational structure is horizontal and it allows for greater flexibility and speedy communication channels between different departments. The devices unit looks after the development and management of mobile devices portfolio which is targeted at all major consumer segments. The solutions department ensures that it continuously develops solutions whereby ensuring that a particular mobile device has integrated contents and personalized services and the output of these three components results into a leading mobile phone for the end user. The solutions unit works with other departments in close proximity to provide such solutions. The services department creates and designs internet services that enhance the consumer experience when Nokia phone users interact with the web. The main areas where this unit focuses on include messaging, maps, music, and Ovi developer tools. This department also ensures that there is a consistent increase in different services as the market evolves. The other significant department is Markets which acts like a supply chain department for Nokia. The unit is also responsible for sales channels, branding and marketing activities for various products and services. The corporate development department looks for future growth opportunities and it also plans for future strategic actions that will give the company a competitive advantage against competitors. This department also provides operational supports to other core departments such as Devices, Services, Solutions and markets. Nokia Siemens Networks is a joint venture with Siemens and it provides network infrastructure which is both fixed and wireless. This division also provides communications and networks service platforms. Finally, the last major division is NAVTEQ; this unit is a provider of detailed navigational maps and digital map data automobile navigation systems, navigation systems for mobile devices, internet mapping applications and mapping solutions to government and other businesses. NAVTEQ is an important part of Nokias operations since it provides downloadable maps and other content that will enhance the experience of consumers who use Nokias smart phones. Corporate Governance The way authority and responsibility is organized at Nokia it shows that the company is exemplary in its approach towards corporate governance. The companys strategic and significant natured decisions are made by the board. These matters might include strategic guidelines, approval of periodic plans and decisions on major divestments or investments. The company charter, article of association and Finnish Companies Act determine the roles and responsibilities of all directors and executive members. According to the auditors and company information strict guidelines are followed in terms of code of conduct and ethical behavior of each employee. Similarly the company complies with all stock market requirements of the Helsinki stock market, New York and Frankfurt stock exchanges. The company provides all necessary data to authorities at NYSE because the under the rules any firm that complies with its national laws must file any differences that exist between its national laws and the laws to be followed under NYSE. Competitors of Nokia Corporation Nokias direct and major competitors include Motorola Inc, Cisco Systems Inc, Research in Motion, LM Ericsson Telephone Co., and QUALCOMM Inc. The company faces stiff competition in the business oriented mobile phone market from RIMs Blackberry series. Nokias E-series phones are geared to compete with the Blackberry series. Similarly the company faces challenges from Samsung and Motorola in the touch screen phone markets and the latest Android based phones that offer efficient and extremely user friendly interface to consumers. In the navigations and maps market Nokia, like the traditional manufacturers such as Garmin, TomTom, faces tough competition from the Google and Apple partnership that will make the iPhone the ultimate navigation and smart device for this generation. The difference between this navigation process that iPhone will offer is that consumers wouldnt need to download maps for a price or they would not need automotive navigations systems rather they would use their smart phones as navigation devices at very low rates. For the year 2009, Nokias market share remained flat at around 38% in the global handset market after consumers continue to encourage Apples iPhone in favor of the N series that Nokia is offering. Nokia also faces competition from Ericsson mobile phones in the music phones; Sony Ericssons superior voice quality and speaker quality give its phones an edge over Nokias Express music series. Industry Outlook for 2010 The expectations of the company for 2010 are considerably flat in terms of the performance of its various divisions. Overall the mobile device industry is expected to increase by about 10% in 2010 in terms of volume compared to 2009. For the year 2010 Nokia expects its mobile device market share to be flat compared to 2009, a similar sort of expectation also exists for Nokia and Nokia Siemens Networks as the venture sees a minimal increase in euro terms for the mobile and the fixed infrastructure services market. Importance of International Markets to Nokia Corporation In 2009, out of the total sales from the company Europe accounted for 36%, Chinas share was 16%, Middle East Africa 14%, North America 5%, Asia-Pacific 22% and Latin America 7%. As we can see from these numbers that about 59% of sales are coming from the developing world; for a company that began operations from Finland that is an important statistics since most of its revenues are coming from international markets especially from developing countries. The 10 markets from which Nokia generated the highest amounts of sales revenues are listed below in decreasing order; with the highest written first and lowest stated last: China, India, the UK, Germany, the United States, Russia, Indonesia, Spain, Brazil and Italy; when combined these markets provided 52% of the total sales in 2009. It is important to note here that China and India; the fastest growing economies in Asia are leaders for Nokia sales; secondly the list also contains growing markets such as Brazil and Russia. It is important to note here that because Nokias main sales driver is the mobile device market hence there are higher sales potential for Nokia in developing countries. This is because countries such as India and China are experiencing large demand for mobile phones due to the rapid growth and development of infrastructure especially network infrastructure. The rising levels of GDP per capita and income levels of people in the developing world are increasing their ability to purchase mobile phones therefore we could see that in the near future major growth would come from developing economies. Foreign Exchange exposures Faced by Nokia Nokia has businesses all over the world; this global presence means that assets and sales, liabilities and loans taken or completed in different parts of the world may be higher or lower in value when translated into the Euro or any home base currency. Because Nokia owns substantial assets in foreign markets therefore the company has to hedge and protect itself against the potential of currency adjustments in the negative direction. Nokias foreign exchange policy is developed by the treasury department of the company which looks after the interests of the company such that foreign exchange exposure is minimized and shareholder value is maximized. Under the policy; transactions which are considered of material value are hedged against foreign exchange exposures as long as the hedging tool is not uneconomical i.e. the hedging cost is lower or market liquidity is favorable. The company uses derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange options and forward foreign exchange contracts to manage hedging and reduce the exposure. The group has a policy of not hedging 2-year or beyond forecasted foreign currency cash flows. New Product and Market development Nokia operates in a highly drastic and technologically changing industry; on the consumer side the company also sees the acceptance and increasing demand for more sophisticated products therefore the company has to remain on its toes and come up with new products and services. The recent financial crisis which was coupled with economic downturn as well saw most industries and companies experiencing reduced profits or even losses. If we look at the table above we see that for the period 2004-08 the average RD expenditure as a percentage of sales was around 11%. This explains how important the development of new products and markets are to companies like Nokia. RD expenditure dipped slightly during 2009 by about 1% compared with 2008 figures because of the decline in sales. The reduction in total revenues during the year 2009 was because the brunt of the crisis or the lowest point of the crisis was considered to be the third and fourth quarters of 2009. The major problem faced by Nokia mobile devices sales was the fact that as macroeconomic aggregates plummeted world wide; people were laid off, disposal incomes squeezed and purchasing power declined in some regions because of currency depreciation, all these factors led to the decrease in demand for Nokia phones. Despite these tough circumstances Nokia continued to expand product development and introduced new products in the mobile device markets, new systems and networks from Nokia Siemens Partnership and navigation phones under the NAVTEQ division. Capital Structure and Liabilities Management at Nokia The average basic number of shares during 2009 was 3.705 billion, 2008 was 3.743 billion and 2007 was 3.885 billion. The difference between diluted and basic average number of shares was negligible during all the three years stated above. About 1% of the shares were owned by Nokia Corporation during 2009. There was not much change in the capital structure during the three years apart from a buy-back and cancellation of shares that were owned by the company during 2008 and 2009 respectively. If we closely analyze the net debt to equity ratio for the 5 year period we see that initially in the years 04, 05 06 and even 07 the company had surplus assets over total debt. Though this situation drastically declined during 2008 as the credit crunch forced Nokia to borrow money and bridge the gap between its working capital. This factor eroded the asset base advantage the company was holding for the previous 4 years before 2008. Another important factor was that short-term borrowings rose substantially during 2008. Short-term borrowings increased from 714 million Euros in 2007 to 3,578 million Euros in 2008. The equity ratio represents the amount of assets represented or funded by the equity holders. From the table above we can see that the assets funded through equity has been on a declining run throughout the five year period. This also explains that as years have passed by liabilities have been increasing used as a way of financing assets. Many analysts believe that borrowing is a lesser expensive way of raising funds compared to equity as interest paid reduces effective tax rate; secondly creditors do not have a say in the way management runs the business; thirdly no dividends need to be paid out. On the other hand equity has its own advantages such as no finance costs; in case of bankruptcy the claim of common shareholders is last only after other creditors have been paid out. Overall companies are suggested to find an optimum equity and liability combination by working out the WACC at different levels. 2007 was considered one of the best years in Nokias history not only did the stock do well but the companys other major indicators were in green as well. For instance the return on equity was around 53% during 2007; that is a phenomenal return for shareholders from a company that competes in such a tough competitive environment. The return on equity declined significantly during 2008. As we see from the table that the value declined to 27.5% from 53.9% in 2007. This again explains the difficulty the company faced during 2008 in terms of low sales volumes, depressed prices and difficult financial conditions. Nokia Corporations shares are listed on the following stock markets: NASDAQ OMX, (Helsinki), Frankfurter, and New York Stock Exchange. The company delisted its Swedish Depository Receipts (SDRs) from the Stockholm Stock Exchange. The last day of trading of these SDRs was June 1, 2007. Raising capital and loans from foreign capital markets has a number of benefits and a few disadvantages as well. In terms of the benefits; firstly by listing stocks in a market such as NYSE a company like Nokia gave itself exposure to one of the most valuable and important stock markets in the world. New York is the financial capital of the worlds largest economy and having the ability to raise funds in such a market builds great reputation for a company apart from substantial capital. Similarly the SDR move into the Swedish Stock Market was a strong move as that would have strengthened the capital structure before the delisting. SDRs provide a substantial capital inflow in lieu of a stable and known cost of capital that gives the firms financial cost structure sustainability and consistency. In terms of the disadvantages economic activities in a foreign country might impact the shareholder value of the whole group. Though this cost is offset by the point that todays financial markets are so dependent on each other that market risks are almost similar in virtually all countries and their stock markets. The important thing here is that companies like Nokia must be aware of the trade cycles and the economic cycles of the world and individual markets and there relationship between each other because that will determine the impact of raising capital in foreign markets. Impact on Market Value as a Result of Strategies in Foreign Exchange Risk, Raising Capital and Moving into New Markets Technological firms generally have higher risk attached to their stock prices and market values therefore we expect them to do extremely well when the economy is booming and the company is able to come up with consistent and high quality products. The case of Nokia is no different the company has successfully established itself as one of the most reliable and advanced manufacturer of mobile devices. Steadily over the years Nokia has moved into new markets which have diversified the portfolio of the company hence spreading the risk over different but related markets. Nokias move to enter new markets has been a good way of diversifying business interests in the sense that the company has not only developed new products but it has also moved into new physical markets. Developing new products has its own advantages but moving into new geographical markets can benefit companies from the all important concept of economies of new scale. Going into new markets exposes the company to absolutely new customers hence increasing the total potential customer base of the company. Raising capital in foreign markets also impacts the market value of the company in a positive way. The company, by raising additional capital in new markets, not only increases its ability to spend money on acquisitions, development, and supply-chain but also gives credibility and higher standing to the companys share in the capital markets and makes the company a strong candidate for a better rating from agencies. The above graph is the stock price movement of Nokia stock, listed on NYSE, versus the SP 500 over a five year period. What is evident here is that consistently the Nokia stock has out performed the SP 500 for most of the time period under discussion. In percentage terms the stock has performed extremely well during the later half of 2007 up to mid 2008; even during the tough times of the late 2009 the stock did better than the overall SP index. The above graph is again representative of the fact that the companys stock performed better than most top company stocks during the boom period of 2007. Credit has to be given to the financial managers of the company since there prudent steps ensured a better than average EPS for the company and subsequently even better share price performance. Evaluation of the Firms Finance Managers In terms of hedging and controlling the foreign exchange risk I think the financial managers did a good job by employing a prudent policy of hedging all those cash inflows and outflows which were due within 2 years period. This is a prudent approach; secondly if we look at the table below we see that the company has remained profitable despite the financial and economic crisis that plagued the global markets for the past 2 and a half years. We also see that the company gave dividends in all the last six years under discussion; this also shows consistency and the right mindset of financial managers who rightly understand the need to rollout dividends in order to ensure continuous investments from investors in the near future. The above graph shows that profitability peaked during the 2007 period and steadily declined thereafter this also shows the difficult financial and economic environment that was weathered by the corporate sectors of different economies. The impact of the crises were so great that profits before taxes almost decreased by 50% in 2008 from 2007 profits before taxes.

How would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising - 275 Words

How would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising? (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseDateHow would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising?Advertising has become very influential and ubiquitous that many consider it part of modern life. Undeniably, advertising influences peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s thoughts, outlooks, feelings; practically everything society does (Pope 3). As such, language is the primary carrier of advertising contents. On a different perspective, Sartre writes about existentialism and its relation to human emotions. The fundamental concept in existentialism is that the human existence precedes essence, and that people exist means a lot more than anything else. This essay uses Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s arguments in his book, Existentialism and Human Emotions, to illustrate ways in which Sartre would respond to modern advertising.First, Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s core concept of existentialism asserts that existence comes before our essence or purpose (Sartre 1). The humanity first exists, discovers the self, and finally defines the purpose for which he or she exists. On this basis, Sartre would refute the majority of modern advertising that convinces people of particular ways to live. A commonplace feature of modern advertising is its relentless efforts to convince society of a productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s benefits. There is a precise use of words in advertsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ messages that persuade people to use products and services. On the contrary, Sartre believes that an individual should exist first, and then discover the purpose for which he or she exists (Sartre 1). Consequently, one chooses what is good for the soul without necessarily being convinced. The idea is that modern adverts would not influence Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s feelings, actions, and decision to use products and services.Further, Sartre asserts that there is no room for deterministic excuses. In relation to modern advertising, it means that Sartre would never regret his actions and blame adverts for persuading him to use products and services. Sartre says that individuals are responsible for their behaviors and are in complete control of what they do. It means that humanity has complete freedom of existence. In fact, Sartre says that he could pass judgment on those who "seek to hide from themselves" (Sartre 12). Correspondingly, one should face the consequences of a decision he or she makes. Modern adverts are even more persuasive and use several techniques to communicate to the audience. Sartre calls those that hide from complete freedom of choice as cowards. Moreover, Sartre shows a great deal of optimistic toughness, which contradicts customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ pessimism of which advertising takes advantage.As an existentialist, Sartre regularly uses the word coward, and asserts that the coward is responsible for his or her cowardice. People make themselves cowards by action, which means that a person chooses to be what he or she becomes. Modern advertising takes advantage of this state to persuade the mind of the fallible in society. S artre believes that "no one can change what we are" (4) hence it seems that he would disregard many modern adverts confidently. The point is, humans choose what is good for the body, mind, and the soul, and there is no chance that an appealing advert would change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s perception of the world and everything with which the individual interacts.Further, Sartre would hardly attach any value to modern advertising. Modern advertising seeks to counter stiff competition that strikes the consumer market. There are competing brands that leave consumers undecided on the best choice of products. Sartre writes that if values are vague and too broad for what the individual considers, then one should probably trust his or her instinct. Correspondingly, Sartre would not spend a lot of time listening to the most convincing advert before he decided to use a product. The individual weighs the alternatives in the mind and chooses just what the body needs. The human feeling is what counts, an d there is no need for an advert to change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s feeling towards a given product. Besides, one only determines the value of a feeling when he or she follows up the instinct and purchases the product (Sartre 2). Sartre talks about performing an act that defines and confirms oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s value of feelings towards an object or person. Simply put, Sartre would sit back and decide using the instinct the product to buy, but he follows up to buy the product that is the choice of his instincts. How would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising - 275 Words How would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising? (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseDateHow would Jean-Paul Sartre Respond to Modern Advertising?Advertising has become very influential and ubiquitous that many consider it part of modern life. Undeniably, advertising influences peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s thoughts, outlooks, feelings; practically everything society does (Pope 3). As such, language is the primary carrier of advertising contents. On a different perspective, Sartre writes about existentialism and its relation to human emotions. The fundamental concept in existentialism is that the human existence precedes essence, and that people exist means a lot more than anything else. This essay uses Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s arguments in his book, Existentialism and Human Emotions, to illustrate ways in which Sartre would respond to modern advertising.First, Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s core concept of existentialism asserts that existence comes before our essence or purpose (Sartre 1). The humanity first exists, discovers the self, and finally defines the purpose for which he or she exists. On this basis, Sartre would refute the majority of modern advertising that convinces people of particular ways to live. A commonplace feature of modern advertising is its relentless efforts to convince society of a productà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s benefits. There is a precise use of words in advertsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ messages that persuade people to use products and services. On the contrary, Sartre believes that an individual should exist first, and then discover the purpose for which he or she exists (Sartre 1). Consequently, one chooses what is good for the soul without necessarily being convinced. The idea is that modern adverts would not influence Sartreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s feelings, actions, and decision to use products and services.Further, Sartre asserts that there is no room for deterministic excuses. In relation to modern advertising, it means that Sartre would never regret his actions and blame adverts for persuading him to use products and services. Sartre says that individuals are responsible for their behaviors and are in complete control of what they do. It means that humanity has complete freedom of existence. In fact, Sartre says that he could pass judgment on those who "seek to hide from themselves" (Sartre 12). Correspondingly, one should face the consequences of a decision he or she makes. Modern adverts are even more persuasive and use several techniques to communicate to the audience. Sartre calls those that hide from complete freedom of choice as cowards. Moreover, Sartre shows a great deal of optimistic toughness, which contradicts customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ pessimism of which advertising takes advantage.As an existentialist, Sartre regularly uses the word coward, and asserts that the coward is responsible for his or her cowardice. People make themselves cowards by action, which means that a person chooses to be what he or she becomes. Modern advertising takes advantage of this state to persuade the mind of the fallible in society. S artre believes that "no one can change what we are" (4) hence it seems that he would disregard many modern adverts confidently. The point is, humans choose what is good for the body, mind, and the soul, and there is no chance that an appealing advert would change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s perception of the world and everything with which the individual interacts.Further, Sartre would hardly attach any value to modern advertising. Modern advertising seeks to counter stiff competition that strikes the consumer market. There are competing brands that leave consumers undecided on the best choice of products. Sartre writes that if values are vague and too broad for what the individual considers, then one should probably trust his or her instinct. Correspondingly, Sartre would not spend a lot of time listening to the most convincing advert before he decided to use a product. The individual weighs the alternatives in the mind and chooses just what the body needs. The human feeling is what counts, an d there is no need for an advert to change oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s feeling towards a given product. Besides, one only determines the value of a feeling when he or she follows up the instinct and purchases the product (Sartre 2). Sartre talks about performing an act that defines and confirms oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s value of feelings towards an object or person. Simply put, Sartre would sit back and decide using the instinct the product to buy, but he follows up to buy the product that is the choice of his instincts.